The History of Database Management Systems

With the hot new buzz about data managementcomputers were themselves considered a
systems, you would have thought that they areresearch project.
a very recent invention. In fact, that is not trueIt wasn't until the 1970s, when memory was able
at all. Simple electromagnetic databases haveto be increased and component prices began to
existed even in the earliest electronic computers.decrease, was there any real headway with
In fact, it is hard for any computer to operatedatabase management systems. It was at this
without a database infrastructure behind it. In thistime that a number of different problems started
article, I'll give you the history of databasecoming up, as related to information management
management systems.on the computers. With all these problems
If you think about it, database managementsurfacing, a solution was needed.
systems have even existed for thousands ofIn the 1980 all the major vendors who sold
years. However, in the earlier days they werehardware systems started incorporating database
recorded without computers, with crudemanagement systems into their computers for a
accounting systems that banks used to use oversystematic solution.
a 500 years ago.At first, these database management systems
However, when most people talk about databasewere very specific to the computer and to the
management systems, they refer to one of anuser. IBM was one of the leaders in this category,
electronic nature. This is where electromagneticbut soon many clones and competitors entered
storage of information takes place, is organizedinto the marketplace, all at varying price points
and can be recalled later with a set of commands.with different and alternative solutions.
At first, database management systems areWith the advent of the 90s, the shift turned from
very crude, as there was always a memoryhaving an accurate database management
problem with the earlier electronic computers. Insystem, to having one that was easily
fact, Bill Gates was quoted as saying in 1981 thatmaintainable. This is because memory capacity
640K memory ought to be enough for anybody.started to grow, as well as the creation and
Ha!spread of information. This is when some of the
Around the 1960s, the earliest of electromagneticmore sophisticated database management
database storage was used only by those whosystems at the market.
could afford it, because of its extremely highCurrently, the focus is on completely automating
expense. In fact, whereas today databases aremost of the database management administration.
used for research purposes, at this time